Skip to content
counselcitecounselcite
    • StudentsFree for students. We've all been there.
    • Law firmsCheck a document before it is filed.
    • GovernmentFor courts, agencies and public defenders.
  • Case checker
  • Format checker
  • Pricing
  • About
  • Blog
Sign inCheck a document
  • Students
  • Law firms
  • Government
  • Case checker
  • Format checker
  • Pricing
  • About
  • Blog
  • Sign in
  • Check a document
counselcitecounselcite

Citation review for court filings and law-review articles, checked against the Bluebook and the public court record.

Product

  • Check a document
  • Case citation checker
  • Pricing
  • How it works
  • Case record
  • Rule library

Who it's for

  • Students
  • Law firms
  • Courts and agencies

Company

  • About
  • Blog
  • Contact

Legal

  • Terms of service
  • Privacy policy
  • Security

© 2026 Counselcite. Not affiliated with the Bluebook or its publishers.

Bluebook is a registered trademark of the Columbia Law Review Association, the Harvard Law Review Association, the University of Pennsylvania Law Review, and The Yale Law Journal.

Citation rules/Subdivisions and pincites

Subdivisions and pincites.

Pages, sections, paragraphs, footnotes, and the ranges that join them.

35 rules on 5 pages of the book.

In this chapter

  • 3.1Volumes, Parts, and Supplements3
  • 3.2Pages, Footnotes, Endnotes, and Graphical Materials16
  • 3.3Sections and Paragraphs13
  • 3.4Appended Material1
  • 3.5Internal Cross-References2

3.1Volumes, Parts, and Supplements

  • 3.1(a)Add brackets around the volume designation
  • 3.1(a)Use Arabic numerals for the volume
  • 3.1(c)Use the correct supplement form

3.2Pages, Footnotes, Endnotes, and Graphical Materials

  • 3.2(a)Add “at” before a Roman page
  • 3.2(a)Add the pincite
  • 3.2(a)Move the pincite before the date
  • 3.2(a)Remove “p.” before the page
  • 3.2(a)Remove the comma before “passim”
  • 3.2(a)Replace the number list with a span
  • 3.2(a)Replace the page list with a span
  • 3.2(a)Replace the page list with a span
  • 3.2(a)Replace the pincite or the first page
  • 3.2(a)Shorten the page span
  • 3.2(a)Shorten the page span
  • 3.2(a)Use a dash to join the page span
  • 3.2(b)Replace the comma with “&”
  • 3.2(b)Use the footnote pincite form
  • 3.2(d)Abbreviate the table or figure
  • 3.2(d)Use commas and “&” for tables or figures

3.3Sections and Paragraphs

  • Remove “at” before a section symbol
  • Remove “at” before the paragraph symbol
  • Remove “at” before the symbol
  • 3.3(a)Replace the decimal or the parentheses
  • 3.3(a)Use the code's own section punctuation
  • 3.3(b)Remove the extra “§”
  • 3.3(b)Remove the second “§”
  • 3.3(b)Replace “et seq.” with the section span
  • 3.3(b)Replace “et seq.” with the section span
  • 3.3(b)Replace the ambiguous dash with “to”
  • 3.3(b)Use “§§” for more than one section
  • 3.3(b)Use the full section span
  • 3.3(c)Use “¶¶” for more than one paragraph

3.4Appended Material

  • Abbreviate appended material

3.5Internal Cross-References

  • Shorten the cross-reference span
  • Use the correct cross-reference direction

Check a document against these 35 rules.

Also in this part of the book: Structure and signals, Typeface conventions, Short forms and id., Quotations, Abbreviations and numbers, Capitalisation, Titles of officials.

Check a document

Free for ten documents a week. Nothing is stored unless you save it.

Sign inCheck a document
  • Sign in
  • Check a document